All inputs, including those from cortex, substantia nigra, and other regions, enter the basal ganglia circuitry via the Striatum.
Substantia nigra is the source of the striatal input of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which plays an important role in basal ganglia function. The subthalamic nucleus receives input mainly from the striatum and cerebral cortex and projects to the globus pallidus.
The substantia nigra (SN) is a part of your brain that helps control your movements. It's part of the basal ganglia, a group of structures that form connections and circuits throughout your brain. The striatum is the main input unit of the basal ganglia. It receives excitatory glutamatergic inputs from the cerebral cortex, whose synapsing pattern reflects the topography of the cortex.
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