William perry offers a perspective on the ways young adults' thinking differs from adolescents' thinking. In his view, adult thinking is more reflective.
Reflective thinking is a sophisticated cognitive process that is virtually entirely unique to adulthood and adult development. The phrase "active, persistent, and deliberate analysis of any belief or imagined form of knowledge in light of the grounds that sustain it, and the further conclusions to which it tends" is credited to John Dewey as the originator of the term. The main tenets of Dewey's definition—the application of logic and evidence, the examination of assumptions and presumptions, and the active pursuit of justifiable conclusions—form the cornerstone of the majority of modern theories that deal, in whole or in part, with the growth of reflective thinking.
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