Bacteria such as streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae resist phagocytosis by produce a Polysaccharide capsule to evade phagocytosis helps with their virulence.
- The most essential virulence component of S. pneumoniae is the extracellular polysaccharide capsule, which allows the bacterium to cling to host cells and produce inflammation while simultaneously offering protection from the host's immune system. The capsule hinders phagocytosis by innate immune cells, prevents bacterial detection by host receptors and complement proteins, and avoids neutrophil traps.
- Many streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes are distinguished by the polysaccharides on the capsule's outer coat, and they are all pathogenic in their own distinct way—some more dangerous than others.
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