Which observation suggested to Sutherland the involvement of a second messenger in epinephrine's effect on liver cells? (A) Receptor studies indicated that epinephrine was a ligand. (B) Glycogen breakdown was observed only when epinephrine was administered to intact cells. (C) Glycogen breakdown was observed when epinephrine and glycogen phosphorylase were combined in a cell-free system. (D) Epinephrine was known to have different effects on many types of cells.

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23-08-2022
Biology

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Which observation suggested to Sutherland the involvement of a second messenger in epinephrine's effect on liver cells? (A) Receptor studies indicated that epinephrine was a ligand. (B) Glycogen breakdown was observed only when epinephrine was administered to intact cells. (C) Glycogen breakdown was observed when epinephrine and glycogen phosphorylase were combined in a cell-free system. (D) Epinephrine was known to have different effects on many types of cells.

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MubeenaD MubeenaD · Answer 1 · 2022-08-31T15:48:40+02:00

The observation which suggested to Sutherland the involvement of a second messenger in epinephrine's effect on liver cells: (B) Glycogen breakdown was observed only when epinephrine was administered to intact cells.

Sutherland studied the mechanism behind the effect produced by the epinephrine hormone in animals.

Sutherland found out during his research that epinephrine outside the cell triggers glycogen breakdown in some way through the activation an enzyme, glycogen phosphorylase, within the cell.

Nevertheless, when epinephrine was added to a solution containing the enzyme and its substrate (glycogen), no breakdown was observed.

Thus, it was concluded that glycogen phosphorylase could be activated by epinephrine only when the hormone was administered to intact cells.

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