Evidence that supports placing green algae and plants in the same phylogenetic group includes similarities in chloroplast structure and pigment composition.
What is chloroplast?
- A membrane-bound organelle called a plastid, or chloroplast is a kind that primarily facilitates photosynthesis in plant and algal cells.
- While releasing oxygen from water in the cells, the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight, transforms it, and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH.
- The Calvin cycle is the mechanism by which organic molecules are produced from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH.
- Other tasks performed by chloroplasts include the creation of fatty acids, a significant amount of amino acids, and the immunological response in plants.
- Two membranes and a significant amount of chlorophyll define a chloroplast. Chlorophyll is scarce in other plastid types like the leucoplast and the chromoplast.
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