The first step in database design is defining a Data model, which determines how data is created, represented, organized, and maintained.
A data model can refer to two different but closely related concepts. It can also refer to an abstract formalization of the objects and relationships found in a particular application domain.
For example, customers, products, and orders as seen in a manufacturing organization.
Elsewhere it refers to a set of concepts used in defining such formalizations.
For example, concepts such as entities, attributes, relationships, or tables. Thus, a banking application "data model" can be defined using an entity-relationship "data model". This article uses the term in both senses.
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