The avian lung adapted to the metabolic demands of flight because airflow through the avian lung is bidirectional like in mammals.
The avian lung is firmly connected to the body part wall and remains constant in volume throughout each phases of respiration. The primary bronchus enters the respiratory organ, giving off at the hilus four ventrobronchi and, posteriorly, seven to ten dorsobronchi besides some laterobronchi, before it enters the abdominal air sac.
The lung of a mammal has mutual ventilation with giant terminal air areas (alveoli) whereas the avian lung contains a flow-through system with little air capillaries. As a result the atmosphere of the pulmonary capillaries is extremely completely different between the mammals and birds.
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