In classical conditioning, the response is elicited by a stimulus that comes before it.
A form of automatic or unconscious learning is classical conditioning. Through associations between an unconditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus, this learning process produces a conditioned response.
To put it another way, classical conditioning is exposing a naturally occurring response to a neutral stimulus first. In the famous dog experiment by Pavlov, salivation in reaction to food served as both the neutral signal and the naturally occurring reflex. The sound of the tone alone could elicit the salivation response by linking the neutral stimulus (sound) with the unconditioned stimulus (food).
The first part of the classical conditioning process requires a naturally occurring stimulus that will automatically elicit a response. Salivating in response to the smell of food is a good example of a naturally occurring stimulus.
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