Respuesta :
Sympathomimetic and anticholinergic overdoses are very similar because both may cause agitation, tachycardia, and dilated pupils.
Sympathomimetic drugs that either act directly to constrict blood vessels (e.g., phenylephrine) or that have an indirect action, preventing the destruction of norepinephrine at sympathetic nerve terminals (e.g., ephedrine and amphetamines), have been used to treat postural hypotension.
The basic treatment for sympathomimetic toxicity is to stop the offending agent and treat the symptoms, mostly with benzodiazepines, cooling measures, and underlying acute disease.
Anticholinergic toxidrome: CNS effects:
- Most often causes agitated delirium (often with hallucinations, incoherent speech, picking at the air or objects).
- More severe cases may present with seizure and/or coma.
- CNS effects may persist after peripheral features have resolved.
- Pupillary dilation, causing blurry vision and photophobia.
- Tachycardia.
- Hyperthermia with dry, flushed skin (examination may reveal no sweat in the armpits).
- Urinary retention.
- Ileus.
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