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Elemental Li and Na are prepared by electrolysis of a molten salt, whereas K, Rb, and Cs are prepared by chemical reduction.(b) Use ionization energies (see the Family Portraits, pp. 575 and 578) to explain why calcium should not be able to isolate Rb from molten RbX (X = halide).

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shaikhmohd0119

The Ionization energies of Rb and Ca are as follow:

Rb(g) →Rb⁺(g) + e⁻      IE= 403kJ/mol

Ca(g)  → Ca⁺(g) +e⁻     IE= 590kJ/mol

Ca⁺(g) →Ca⁺²(g) +e⁻     IE₂= 1145kJ/mol

Now,

 What is Ionization energy?

ionization energy is the minimum energy that an electron in a gaseous atom or ion has to absorb to come out of the influence of the nucleus.

Factors affecting Ionization energy:

  • If the nucleus is positively charged then the electrons are strongly attracted to it.
  • If an electron lies near or close to the nucleus then the attraction will be greater than the one when the electron is further away.
  • If there are more electrons between the outer level and the nucleus the attraction forces are less.
  • When there are two electrons in the same orbital they experience some form of repulsion. Now, this creates disturbances in the attraction of the nucleus.

Now,

   As Calcium requires more energy to ionize that Rubidium.

Hence,

 From the above conclusion we can say ,that  It should not be able to isolate Rb from molten Halide.

Learn more about Ionization energy here: https://brainly.com/question/20658080

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