Ampholytes are amphoteric electrolytes. This means that they can act as both acids that is, as a proton donor, or a base as a proton acceptor.
Amino acids are made up of two ionizable groups, the positively charged amino group (NH3+) and the negatively charged carboxyl group (COOH-).
When dissolved in a neutral solution, the amino group becomes protonated, while the carboxyl group becomes dissociated. While in this state they are predominantly dipolar ions or zwitterions.
Apart from the amino and carboxyl groups, some amino acids have additional side groups that can be ionized. These include Lysine, Glutamic acids, Aspartic acid and Arginine.
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