Differing orientations of chromosomes along the cell equator during metaphase I in meiosis, resulting in gametes with different combinations of parental chromosomes is known as independent assortment.
The law of independent assortment states that "different genes and alleles are inherited independently within the gonads". This shows that during metaphase I in meiosis, each homologous pair of chromosomes orient themselves independently, such that after the chromosomes separate into gametes, each gamete receives only one allele per genotype, producing haploid gametes.
Independent assortment produces new combination of alleles and enables genetic variation after fertilization.
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