He knew it was controversial.
Swift thought it was necessary to use a pen name when publishing Gulliver's travels as he knew it was controversial.
Given that Gulliver's Travels is obviously a satire of the Whig party in England, Swift considered using a pseudonym (pen name) when publishing the book in its original form. Richard Sympson, Gulliver's fictional cousin and the addressee of the book's opening letter, served as his pseudonym (pen name).
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