When Babylon was first established in around 1900 BC, it was primarily a city-state with very little adjacent area for cultivation, so initially the citizens probably made most of their money in the city.
However, Hammurabi's Code document gives laws about how to govern oneself while cultivating land, so it looks like most people made money in the country as peasants.
What is Hammurabi's Code ?
- The 282 rules that make up the Hammurabi code of laws established norms for business dealings and defined fines and penalties to satisfy the demands of justice. A large, finger-shaped black stone stele (pillar) with Hammurabi's Code inscribed on it was plundered by invaders and only recently found in 1901.
- Hammurabi asserts in the prologue that the gods gave him the right to rule in order "to prevent the mighty from abusing the vulnerable." The laws are casuistic in nature and are stated as "if... then" conditionals. They include a wide range of topics, including as criminal law, family law, property law, and business law.
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