IgA is the most abundant antibody isotype in mucosal secretions and owes its success in frontline immunity to its ability to undergo transcytosis across epithelial cells.
The location of MALT is key to its function. Stimulation of B cells leads to the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) within the Peyer patches, preventing adherence of bacteria and viruses to the epithelium and thus blocking entry to the subepithelial layers of the intestine.
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a network of lymphoid cell aggregates and tissue that is distributed in submucosal layers of the gastrointestinal, genital, respiratory, and urinary tracts, as well as in the eyes, skin, thyroid, breasts.
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