The world's most productive ecosystems are wetlands. There is food for numerous animal species and a habitat for many different kinds. Wetlands also operate as carbon dioxide storage sites, which helps to balance the climate.
Broad coastal marshes that are shielded from wave action by barrier islands or reefs have been produced as a result of flooding of coastal lowlands caused by rising sea levels.
When rivers deposit sediment as they approach the ocean, coastal wetlands are also created. After that, plants grow and stabilize the soil against the effects of tides and waves.
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