Both organelles can direct their own replication by splitting through a process similar to binary fission.
Mitochondrial and chloroplast ribosomes also resemble the smaller bacterial ribosomes rather than the larger eukaryotic ribosomes. This is further evidence that the DNA is organelle-derived and completely separate from eukaryotic DNA. This is consistent with endosymbiosis theory.
Evidence for an endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts includes Chloroplasts and mitochondria are prokaryotes. They have their own genes on a small circular chromosome, but no nucleus. This chromosome has little non-coding DNA just like bacteria. The strongest evidence for an endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic organelles is the similarity between existing prokaryotes. Mitochondria are the oxidative metabolic derivatives of bacteria and chloroplasts are the photosynthetic derivatives of bacteria.
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