D) The system has external forces, such as friction and air resistance, acting on it.
According to Newton's first law, a change in motion is brought about by a net external force. External forces are forces that originate outside of an object or system and operate on it. Internal forces are generated within the studied system and do not result in acceleration. As a result, while analyzing an object's motion, we only take into account the exterior forces that cause it to accelerate, ignoring the interior forces.
The applied force, normal force, tension force, friction force, and air resistance force are examples of external forces. The internal forces, however, also include gravitational, magnetic, electric, and spring forces. A greater acceleration results from a greater net external force. The system's acceleration would thus be inversely proportional to the system's net external force.
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