There are numerous applications for hydrochloric acid. It is used to make chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes, as well as in electroplating and the photographic, textile, and rubber industries.
The eyes, skin, and mucous membranes are all corroded by hydrochloric acid. In humans, acute (short-term) inhalation exposure can cause eye, nose, and respiratory tract irritation, as well as inflammation and pulmonary edema. Acute oral exposure can cause mucous membrane, esophageal, and stomach corrosion, and dermal contact can cause severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans. Worker gastritis, chronic bronchitis, dermatitis, and photosensitization have all been linked to chronic (long-term) exposure to hydrochloric acid. Long-term exposure to low concentrations can also cause tooth discoloration and erosion. Hydrochloric acid has not been classified as carcinogenic by the EPA.
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