Respuesta :
Explanation
The probability (P) is winning in less than four turns can be decomposed as the following sum:
The probability of winning in one turn is
[tex]P(\text{Winning in turn 1})=\frac{\#Queens}{\#Cards}=\frac{4}{52}.[/tex]The probability of winning in the second turn is
[tex]\begin{gathered} P(\text{ Winning in the second turn})=P(\text{ Lossing (in turn 1)})\cdot P(\text{ Winning (in turn 2)}), \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in the second turn})=\frac{\#NoQueens}{\#Cards}\cdot\frac{\#Queens}{\#Cards}, \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in the second turn})=\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{4}{52}\text{.} \end{gathered}[/tex]The probability of winning in the third turn is
[tex]\begin{gathered} P(\text{ Winning in the third turn})=P(\text{ Lossing (in turn 1)})\cdot P(\text{ Lossing (in turn 2)})\cdot P(\text{ winning (in turn 3)}), \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in the third turn})=\frac{\#NoQueens}{\#Cards}\cdot\frac{\#NoQueens}{\#Cards}\cdot\frac{\#Queens}{\#Cards}, \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in the third turn})=\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{4}{52}\text{.} \end{gathered}[/tex]Adding all together, we get
[tex]\begin{gathered} P(\text{ Winning in less than four turns})=\frac{4}{52}+\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{4}{52}+\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{48}{52}\cdot\frac{4}{52}, \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in less than four turns})=\frac{469}{2197}, \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in less than four turns})\approx0.2135, \\ \\ P(\text{ Winning in less than four turns})\approx21.35\% \end{gathered}[/tex]AnswerThe probability of winning in less than four turns is (approximately) 21.35%.
