The ID50 is the dose that will cause an infection in 50 percent of the test population.
The ID50 value is the amount of antiviral medication needed to lower HSV-specific DNA by 50% relative to untreated virus controls. HSV isolates are categorised as resistant to these antiviral medications in the Clinical Virology Laboratory at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia when their in vitro ID50 values are less than 2 g/ml for acyclovir and less than 100 g/ml for foscarnet. For acyclovir and foscarnet, sensitive HSV-1 isolates often have mean ID50 values of 0.12 g/ml and 35.0 g/ml, respectively, while sensitive HSV-2 isolates typically have mean ID50 values of 0.5 g/ml and 30.0 g/ml. For isolates that are resistant to acyclovir, the ID50 values vary from 6.0 to 60.0 g/ml. Focsani resistance in vivo for HSV is currently uncommon (Sacks et al., 1989; Birch et al., 1990; Safran).
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