The nucleus (plural, nucleus) houses the genetic material or DNA of the cell and is also the site of synthesis for ribosomes, cellular machinery that assembles proteins.
The type of RNA that carries the information to make proteins is called messenger RNA (mRNA). This is to carry information or messages from DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The second step, translation from gene to protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The endoplasmic reticulum is either smooth or rough and its function in general is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. Above the rough endoplasmic reticulum are ribosomes, small round organelles that function to make these proteins.
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