This is called the Prisoner dilemma.
The prisoner's dilemma is a decision-analysis conundrum when two people acting in their own self-interests do not result in the best result. In a normal prisoner's dilemma, both parties have the option of protecting themselves at the expense of the other person. As a result, neither person ends up in a better situation than they would have if they had worked together to reach a resolution. Undoubtedly one of the most well-known ideas in contemporary game theory is the prisoner's dilemma. In the prisoner's dilemma, two parties are forced to decide whether or not to cooperate with one another after becoming separated and unable to communicate.
When both parties decide to cooperate, the greatest benefit is realized for each party.
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