The signals are amplified during phosphorylation cascades so that each kinase will phosphorylate and activate only one kinase involved in the next cascade step.
A phosphorylation cascade is a series of events that occur along the signaling pathway where one enzyme phosphorylates another, setting off a cascade that phosphorylates thousands of proteins. Hormone message signal transduction demonstrates this.
A hormone or protein interacts to a receptor at the extracellular matrix to start a signaling pathway at the cell surface. Multiple enzymes or proteins are activated at the receptor as a result of the interactions between the ligand and receptor. Thousands of proteins are phosphorylated as a result of these enzymes' activation of secondary messengers. The results of a phosphorylation cascade are the alterations that take place inside the cell.
Hence, sequential phosphorylation of succeeding kinase molecule amplify cascade signals.
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