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The plane strain fracture toughness of a metal is expected to increase with rising temperatures.
What is plane strain fracture?
In the context of linear elastic fracture mechanics, a plane strain is a stress state where there is no strain in the direction perpendicular to the axis of applied tensile stress and the direction of crack propagation. It is accomplished in thick plate along a plate-parallel direction.
Using KIc tests and extremely low loading rates, the experimental study of martensitic AISI 52100 steel fracture with 12% retained austenite was conducted. KIc and JC declined at gradual rates by 6% to 23% depending on temperature. It increased at a normal rate as the temperature rose but not when the load was slow. Creep and strain-induced transformation at the crack tip was used to explain changes in KIc caused by temperature and loading rate.
From room temperature to 100 °C, the ability to sustain a fracture increased with temperature. Compared to loading at a typical rate, the hardness reduced for exceptionally sluggish loading. Low KIc at low temperatures was explained by transformation to untempered martensite. Decreased toughness at low loading rates was explained by increased creep strain.
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