All carbohydrates comprise components such as glucose, fructose, cellulose, starch, glycoproteins, and chitin that are important for a number of biological processes. Their roles include giving the cells energy and preserving the structural integrity of the cells.
The body of a human being depends heavily on carbohydrates. They provide energy, contribute in the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides, aid with fermentation, and regulate the metabolism of insulin and blood sugar.
They are involved in lipid metabolism, protein conservation, constructing macromolecules, storing energy, and sparing protein.
A chain of carbons, an aldehyde or ketone, and hydroxyl groups are present in them. Each oxygen atom is joined to a single carbon atom. Thousands of distinct types of carbohydrates exist, however they are always made up of a single monosaccharide.
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