Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a form of associative learning process whereby the strength of a behavior is altered by rewards or penalties. It is also a method that is employed to facilitate such learning.
Although both operant and classical conditioning entail actions that are influenced by their surroundings, they are fundamentally different. In operant conditioning, environmental cues dictate behavior. Contrarily, classical conditioning entails uncontrollable behavior based on the association of stimuli with important biological occurrences. Because the reactions are reflexes that are automatically induced by the proper stimuli, they are controlled by some stimulus.
For instance, the sight of candy may make a youngster salivate, or the sound of a door slamming may indicate an irate parent, prompting a child to scream.
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