Even though the Habsburg Empire had a powerful territories, they could not maximize this power to control mainland Europe because of the diversity of its citizens. The Empire consisted mainly of Germans, Magyars, Czechs, Poles, Romanians, Croats, Italians, Slovaks and Serbs.
Habsburg dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in Europe from the 15th to the 20th century. As duke, archduke and emperor, the Habsburgs ruled Austria from his 1282 to 1918. He also ruled Hungary and Bohemia (1526–1918), and Spain and the Spanish Empire for almost his second century (1504–06, 1516–1700). Rudolf I, who became King of Germany in 1273, was one of the first to rise to great power for the Habsburgs. Frederick IV, King of Habsburg, Germany, was born in 1452 as Frederick III. He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor, and the Habsburgs retained this title until his 1806. Frederick's son Maximilian I acquired Holland, Luxembourg and Burgundy through marriage. The peak of Habsburg power came in the 16th century under Emperor Karl V.
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