The dialysis contains isotonic amounts of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and glucose to keep the blood's concentrations of these different ions and glucose at normal levels when waste products are eliminated.
The peritoneal dialysis is purposefully made hyper-osmolar relative to plasma in order to establish an osmotic gradient that favours net water transport into the peritoneal cavity, which is necessary to meet the ultrafiltration requirements of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. Glucose acts as an osmotic agent in commercially available peritoneal dialysates to improve ultrafiltration. Dextrose is available in concentrations ranging from 1.5% to 4.25%. Water causes the dialysate's theosmolality to decrease over time.
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