It is also known as Pendleton Civil Services Reform Act.
On January 16, 1883, President Chester A. Arthur signed into law the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, which was passed by the 47th United States Congress. According to the statute, most federal jobs must be filled through competitive hiring processes rather than political favoritism. The Pendleton Civil Service Act mandated that competitive exams, not political connections or association, be used to choose some government officials. Furthermore, it made it illegal to fire or demote these government workers for political reasons and established the United States Civil Service Commission to preserve the merit system.
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