The following 3 steps make up the amending process:
Step 1: Proposal
Step 2: Ratify
Step 3: Overturn (if necessary)
The amendment procedure is extremely challenging and time-consuming: The legislatures of three-fourths of the states must ratify an amendment once it has been approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress. In the 1980s, the ERA Amendment failed to gain approval from the required number of state legislatures.
To propose an amendment, either a convention must be held for that purpose, two-thirds of the States must vote in favor of it, or both Houses of Congress must vote in favor of it. Next, the amendment needs to be adopted by three-fourths of State legislatures or three-fourths of the ratification conventions called in each State.
One of three options for changing the Constitution is through a simple majority vote in the Parliament. A special majority of the Parliament may amend the Constitution. A special majority vote in the Parliament is necessary for amendment, which also needs the consent of at least half of the state legislatures.
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