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Although there are around 16 distinct genes involved in determining eye color, much of it is regulated by two nearby genes on chromosome 15 called ocular albinism.

In reality, the gene contains a number of polymorphisms (alleles) that affect eye color, such as one allele for blue eyes and another for brown eyes. Genes control certain traits like eye as well as hair color and are handed down from generation to generation to the next. Gene alleles are the many variations of a gene. One allele of the gey gene results in green eyes, whereas the other allele results in blue eyes. One allele of the 2 gene corresponds to brown eyes, and the other to blue eyes. In the past, eye color was thought to be a single gene, with brown eyes predominating over blue eyes. Currently, researchers have shown that at least 8 genes affect the final hue of colours.

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