Option 1 and 3 are correct. The tendency is to dismiss the network as simple plumbing, thinking that the only design factors are the size, length, and feeds of the links or the pipes, and that everything else is meaningless.
The network needs to be constructed with scale, purpose, redundancy, protection from manipulation or denial of operation, and the ability to bear peak loads in mind, just like the plumbing in a sizable stadium or a tall structure. Users depend on the network to convey their voice and video reliably and to access the most crucial information they require to perform their tasks; thus the network must be able to offer resilient, intelligent transport.
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