Linked genes are always syntenic, and they are always located near or one another on a chromosome. When syntenic genes are so far apart on the chromosome that crossing over between them generates independent assortment of the alleles, the genes are not linked.
2) Genetic linkage leads to the production of a significantly greater number of gametes containing chromosomes with parental combinations of alleles than would be expected under assumptions of independent assortment and to a significantly smaller number of gametes containing chromosomes with alleles that are different from the parental combinations.
3) Crossing over is less likely to occur between linked genes that are close to one another than between genes that are farther apart on a chromosome.
Genetic Linkage observations

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A potent method for identifying the chromosomal location for disease genes is genetic linkage analysis.Genes that are located physically close to one another on a chromosome continue to be connected.

By calculating the recombination frequency using information from genetic crosses, we may determine if and how closely two genes are connected. Making linkage maps, which display the arrangement and relative locations of the genes just on chromosome, requires finding the recombination frequencies for several gene pairs. On the same chromosome, linked genes are those that are situated adjacent to one another. They are typically inherited jointly (but not always). One lengthy strand of DNA, one chromosome, codes to hundreds or even thousands of distinct genes. Each gene does have a particular spot on each chromosome known as a locus. In terms of genetics and genomics, linkage describes how closely genes or even other DNA sequences are located to each other on the identical chromosome.

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