Respuesta :
J .Willard Gibbs created a new function that is now known as the Gibbs potential or Gibbs energy change (G). Pressure and temperature fluctuations have no effect on this function.
The Gibbs energy change of a system depends only on its current state, not on how it got there.
- At constant pressure and temperature, a thermodynamic system can perform its maximum (or reversible) amount of work, which is referred to as Gibbs energy. In terms of thermodynamics, reversible work refers to a unique technique that ensures the system is in complete equilibrium with its surroundings.
If both the extensive properties (U, G, and A) and the intensive properties (temperature and pressure) are constant, a thermodynamic system is said to be in equilibrium. Or there is no change overall in any of the properties. According to the following equation, the system is said to be at equilibrium if the reaction is reversible and the Gibbs free energy is zero.
A + B ⇄ C + D
ΔrG = 0
It is also known as the Gibbs energy for a reaction in its standard state.
0 = ΔrG + RT in K
ΔrG = - RT in K
or
ΔrG = - 2.303RT in K
ΔrG = ΔrH - TΔrS = - RT in K
For endothermic reactions, the value of ΔrH should be high and positive; if K is less than 1, little of the product is expected to form. The value of ΔrH is big and negative in the case of an exothermic reaction, and even the value of ΔrG is likely to be large and negative. When this occurs, the value of K will be significantly more than 1. Strong exothermic processes will supposedly have a higher value of K. Kilo Joule, which is frequently denoted as kJ/mol, is the unit used to measure Gibbs free energy.
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