Gene alleles would typically be passed down in pairs because chromosome pairs would not align randomly.
Mendel's law of independent assortment states that genes do not interact with one another when it comes to the selection of alleles into gametes: every conceivable allele combination for every gene has an equal likelihood of occurring.
New allele combinations are created independently of one another.
In meiosis I, chromosome sets with novel allele combinations are produced by crossing over during prophase and independent assortment during anaphase. Randomly fertilizing the gametes created by meiosis also contributes to genetic variation.
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