Respuesta :
Due to the capsule's resistance to phagocytosis, an encapsulated bacterium may be virulent.
Why can bacteria that are enclosed be virulent?
The capsule is regarded as a virulence factor because it increases bacteria's capacity to spread disease (e.g. prevents phagocytosis). The capsule can shield cells from eukaryotic cells like macrophages engulfing them. It's possible that phagocytosis needs a capsule-specific antibody to take place.
Bacterial cell walls may be coated with complement, but capsules may hide the opsonins, shielding the bacteria from phagocytosis. Encapsulated Strep. pneumoniae are virulent and resistant to being swallowed by macrophages and PMNs, whereas non-encapsulated, avirulent mutants are quickly ingested and killed by PMN.
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