Respuesta :
Answer: Electrons revolves around the nucleus in a fixed orbits with fixed energy.
Explanation:
Rutherford in his model of atom explained:
- Maximum space inside the atom is empty.
- Electron revolves around the the center called nucleus.
- Nucleus contains the positive charge.
Bohr's in his model explained that:
- Electrons revolves around the nucleus in a fixed orbit named as shells.
- Each orbits or shells has fixed amount of energy and size.
The Bohr atomic model can explain the spectrum of hydrogen atoms and electrons circulate the nucleus on a particular path when compared to the Rutherford atomic model
[tex]\boxed{\boxed{\bold{Further~explanation}}}[/tex]
Rutherford scientists experimented with firing alpha rays on a thin gold plate. From this experiment, it was found that:
1. Most alpha rays are passed through the gold plate, so it is concluded that most of the space in the atom has space
2. A small number of alpha particles deflected show there are positively charged particles inside the atom
(at this time these particles are called protons located in the atomic nucleus)
From here comes the Rutherford atomic model which states that the initiate consists of positively charged particles and negatively charged electrons around the nucleus.
The main weakness of this atomic model is that Rutherford cannot explain why negatively charged electrons are not attracted to the nucleus of an atom that has positively charged particles
This weakness can be explained by the Bohr atomic model, where electrons circulate the nucleus on a particular path so that electrons are not attracted to the nucleus. This path is called an electron shell or energy level, where the path closest to the nucleus has the lowest energy
Although this atomic model has a disadvantage in describing the trajectory of electrons for atoms that have more electrons (can only predict Hydrogen atoms) and he shows the trajectory of electrons in the form of an ellipse but in the form of a circle
Both of these models are now refined with the atomic theory of quantum mechanics
So the Bohr atomic model can explain the spectrum of hydrogen atoms (energy absorbed/emitted during electron transitions) whether it is absorption or emission of energy when compared to the Rutherford atomic model
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Keywords: atomic model, Rutherford, Bohr, atoms, protons, alpha rays, electrons, atomic skin, energy, absorption, energy emission
