The Turkish invasion made a trade in the eastern Mediterranean too risky. As a result, new trade routes to Europe and Cina were felt to come into force.
The trade routes served principally to transfer raw materials, foodstuffs, and luxury goods from areas with surpluses to others where they were in short supply. Some areas had a monopoly on certain materials or goods.
Advances in technology and increased political stability caused an increase in trade. The opening of more trade routes caused travelers to exchange many things: animals, spices, ideas, and diseases.
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