Respuesta :
Answer:
The correct answer is that AlCl₃ is more polar in comparison to AlBr₃.
Explanation:
The electronegativity difference of the aluminum and chlorine atoms in AlCl₃ is 1.55, while the electronegativity difference of the aluminum and bromine atoms in AlBr₃ is 1.35. Both the molecules possess a substantial amount of difference in the electronegativity of atoms, which signifies that both these molecules exhibit polar nature. However, the electronegativity difference in AlCl₃ molecule is more than the electronegativity difference in AlBr₃. Thus, AlCl₃ is more polar in comparison to AlBr₃.
[tex]\boxed{{\text{AlC}}{{\text{l}}_3}}[/tex] have more polar bonds than [tex]\boxed{{\text{AlB}}{{\text{r}}_3}}[/tex]
Further Explanation:
Electronegativity:
Electronegativity is generally defined as the tendency of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons in the bond towards itself. The more electronegative atom will more attract the bonding electrons towards itself than the less electronegative one. Therefore the electrons will spend more time with the more electronegative atom than an electropositive atom. The electronegative atom will acquire the partial negative charge and the electropositive atom will acquire a partial positive charge.
The polarity of the bond can be determined by the electronegativity difference [tex]\left({\Delta {\text{EN}}}\right)[/tex] . [tex]\Delta {\text{EN}}[/tex] is the electronegativity difference between the two atoms that are bonded to each other. The formula to calculate [tex]\Delta {\text{EN}}[/tex] in XY bond is as follows:
[tex]{\mathbf{\Delta EN = }}\left({{\mathbf{electronegativity\:of\:Y}}}\right){\mathbf{ - }}\left( {{\mathbf{electronegativity\:of\:X}}}\right)[/tex]
Here, X is the electropositive atom, and Y is the electronegative atom.
Higher the electronegativity difference between the two atoms, more will be the polarity of the bond and vice-versa.
Chlorine is more electronegative than aluminium. So the electronegativity difference between Al and Cl is calculated as follows:
[tex]{\left({\Delta{\text{EN}}}\right)_{{\text{Al - Cl}}}}=\left({{\text{electronegativity of Cl}}}\right)-\left({{\text{electronegativity of Al}}}\right)[/tex] ......(1)
The electronegativity of Cl is 3.0.
The electronegativity of Al is 1.5.
Substitute these values in equation (1).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\left({\Delta{\text{EN}}}\right)_{{\text{Al - Cl}}}}&={\text{3}}{\text{.0}}-{\text{1}}{\text{.5}}\\&={\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{.5}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Bromine is more electronegative than aluminium. So the electronegativity difference between Al and Br is calculated as follows:
[tex]{\left({\Delta{\text{EN}}}\right)_{{\text{Al - Br}}}}=\left({{\text{electronegativity of Br}}}\right)-\left({{\text{electronegativity of Al}}}\right)[/tex] ......(2)
The electronegativity of Br is 2.8.
The electronegativity of Al is 1.5.
Substitute these values in equation (2).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{\left({\Delta {\text{EN}}} \right)_{{\text{Al - Br}}}}&={\text{2}}{\text{.8}} - {\text{1}}{\text{.5}}\\&={\mathbf{1}}{\mathbf{.3}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The electronegativity difference between Al and Cl is more than that between Al and Br. So the bonds in [tex]{\mathbf{AlC}}{{\mathbf{l}}_{\mathbf{3}}}[/tex] are more polar than [tex]{\mathbf{AlB}}{{\mathbf{r}}_{\mathbf{3}}}[/tex] .
Learn more:
1. Identification of ionic bonding: https://brainly.com/question/1603987
2. Which is a covalent compound? https://brainly.com/question/2083444
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Covalent bonding and molecular structure
Keywords: electronegativity difference, electropositive, electronegative, electrons, polar, nonpolar, AlCl3, AlBr3, 1.3, 1.5, 3.0, 2.8.
