Given:
μ = 43.7 cm, the population mean
σ = 4.2 cm, the population standard deviation.
We want to test against the population statistics with
n = 9, the sample size,
x = 20 cm, the random variable.
We want to find P(x < 20).
Calculate the z-score.
z = (x - μ)/σ
= (20 - 43.7)/4.2
= -5.643
From the standard tables, obtain
P(z < -5.643) = 0 (actually about 8.5 x 10⁻⁹)
Answer: Practically zero.