To find the proportion of students who prefer pens over pencils, divide the number of students who prefer pens by the total number of students.
Proportion \( P = \frac{\text{Number of students who prefer pens}}{\text{Total number of students}} \)
In this case, three out of fourteen students prefer pens. So,
\[ P = \frac{3}{14} \]
This is the proportion of students who prefer pens to pencils.
