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Solar eclipses are rare and fascinating events that occur when the Moon blocks the Sun's light from reaching the Earth. There are three types of solar eclipses: partial, annular, and total. Partial eclipses happen when the Moon covers only part of the Sun's disk. Annular eclipses happen when the Moon is too far from the Earth to cover the entire Sun, leaving a ring of light around the Moon. Total eclipses happen when the Moon completely covers the Sun, creating a dark shadow on the Earth.

The number and frequency of solar eclipses vary from year to year. The maximum number of solar eclipses that can happen in one year is five, but this is very rare. The minimum number of solar eclipses that can happen in one year is two, and this happens every year somewhere on the Earth. A total eclipse can only happen during a new moon, when the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth. Total solar eclipses happen about once every year or two, but they are not visible from the same location each time.

There are two complete eclipse seasons, one at each node, during a calendar year. Because there is a new moon every month, at least one solar eclipse, and occasionally two, occurs during each eclipse season.

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