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Ammonium phosphate nh43po4 is an important ingredient in many fertilizers. it can be made by reacting phosphoric acid h3po4 with ammonia nh3 . what mass of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of 4.9g of phosphoric acid? round your answer to 2 significant digits.

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Louli
The reaction between phosphoric acid and ammonia that produces ammonium phosphate can be written as follows:
3NH3 + H3PO4 ..................> (NH4)3PO4

From the periodic table:
molar mass of nitrogen = 14 grams
molar mass of hydrogen = 1 grams
molar mass of oxygen = 16 grams
molar mass of phosphorus = 30.9 grams

based on this:
molar mass of 3NH3 = 3 (14 + 3(1)) = 51 grams
molar mass of H3PO4 = 3(1) + 30.9 + 4(16) = 97.9 grams
molar mass of  (NH4)3PO4 = 3 (14 + 4(1)) + 30.9 + 4(16) = 54 + 30.9 + 64
                                            = 148.9 grams

Therefore, 97.9 grams of phosphoric acid is required to produced 148.9 grams of ammonium phosphate.
Thus, to know the mass of ammonium phosphate produced from 4.9 grams of phosphoric acid, we will simply use cross multiplication as follows:
amount of produced ammonium phosphate = (4.9 x 148.9) / 97.9 = 7.45 g

The mass of ammonium phosphate that is produced by the reaction between 4.9 g of phosphoric acid and ammonia is 7.45 g (NH₄)₃PO₄

Further Explanation:

Moles, Atomic mass and Molar mass  

  • 1 mole of a pure substance contains a mass that is equal to the relative atomic mass or molecular mass of the substance.
  • Therefore; molar mass is given as grams per mole of a substance  
  • Hence;

Molar mass = mass of a substance/ Number of moles

    g/mol = g /mole

  • Thus:

M = m/n; where M is the molar mass, m is the mass and n is the number of moles.

  • From this relationship we can therefore, calculate mass by multiplying the number of moles by molar mass of a substance.

That is; Mass = moles x molar mass

To calculate number of moles;

We have; n = m/M

Number of moles = Mass of the substance/ Molar mass

In the question given:

The equation for the reaction between ammonium phosphate and ammonia is given by;

H₃PO₄ + 3NH₃ → (NH₄)₃PO₄

We are required to calculate the mass of ammonium phosphate that is produced from the reaction when 4.9g of phosphoric acid was used.

Step 1: Moles of phosphoric acid

Number of moles = Mass of phosphoric acid/ Molar mass

Molar mass of phosphoric acid = 97.994 g/mol

Thus;

Moles = 4.9 g/97.994 g/mol

          = 0.050 moles

Step 2: Moles of ammonium phosphate

From the equation ;

H3PO4 + 3 NH3 → (NH4)3PO4

1 mole of phosphoric acid reacts to produce 1 mole of ammonium phosphate

Therefore;

Moles of ammonium phosphate will be;

= 0.050 moles

step 3 Mass of ammonium phosphate

Mass = moles ammonium phosphate × molar mass

Molar mass of ammonium phosphate = 149.09 g/mol

Therefore;

Mass = 0.050 moles × 149.09 g/mol

         = 7.45 grams

Hence; The mass of ammonium phosphate that is produced by the reaction between 4.9 g of phosphoric acid and ammonia is 7.45 g (NH₄)₃PO₄

Keywords: Moles, Molar mass, mole ratio

Learn more about:

  • Relative atomic mass: https://brainly.com/question/5592681
  • Moles calculation: https://brainly.com/question/5592681
  • Molar mass: https://brainly.com/question/5592681

Level: High school

Subject: Chemistry

Topic: Moles

Sub-topic: Moles, Molar mass

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