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Which of the highlighted chemical bonds in the molecules below is longest? shortest? in between? which highlighted bond requires the highest energy to break? lowest? in between? answer these questions by completing the second and third columns in the table. compoundlength of highlighted bondenergy of highlighted bond?

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scme1702
Although the options are not provided, I was able to find the question. The compounds under consideration are hydrazine, diazene and nitrogen gas. In these compounds, the bonds between the nitrogen atoms are being considered.

The bonds, in order from longest to shortest are:
N-N in hydrazine; N=N in diazene and N≡N in nitrogen gas

The order from weakest to strongest bond is:
N-N in hydrazine; N=N in diazene and N≡N in nitrogen gas

The reason for this is because the more the electrons that are shared across a bond, the shorter the bond becomes due to charge density and also becomes stronger.

The N-H bond requires the highest energy to break, the As-H bond requires the lowest energy to break and the P-H bond requires energy in between the rest two bonds maximum (For the table, refer to the attached image).

The N-H bond is the shortest, the As-H bond is the longest and the P-H bond lies in between the rest two bonds (For the table, refer to the attached image).

Further explanation:

Bond length:

It is also known as bond distance. It is defined as the average distance between the nuclei of the two bonded atoms.

Bond energy

The amount of energy required to break a molecule or compound into its constituents is known as bond energy. It determines the bond strength of a chemical bond. Greater the bond energy, the stronger will be the bond and vice-versa.

Bond energy is inversely proportional to the bond length. Higher bond energy means shorter bond length and vice-versa.

Nitrogen, phosphorous and arsenic belong to the same period of the periodic table. Atomic size increases in a group from top to bottom and electronegativity decreases down the group. Nitrogen is present at the top of this group so it has the highest electronegativity and the smallest size among the given elements. So it forms the strongest hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen atom. The electronegativity of arsenic is the least among the given elements and its atomic size is also the largest. So As forms the weakest bond with the hydrogen atom. Phosphorus forms bond with hydrogen which I stronger than that of arsenic but weaker than that of nitrogen.

Since the N-H bond is the strongest, followed by P-H and As-H bond is the weakest, the bond energy of the N-H bond is maximum, followed by the P-H bond and the bond energy of As-H bond is minimum (For the table, refer to the attached image).

Since bond length is inversely proportional to the bond energy, the bond length of the N-H bond is the smallest and that of As-H bond is the longest. The bond length of the P-H bond lies in between N-H and As-H bond (For the table, refer to the attached image).

Learn more:

  1. Molecular shape around the central atoms in the amino acid glycine: https://brainly.com/question/4341225
  2. What causes water molecules to have a bent shape? https://brainly.com/question/1979769

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Chapter: Covalent bonding and molecular structure

Subject: Chemistry

Keywords: N-H bond, P-H bond, As-H bond, bond energy, bond length, inversely proportional, longest, smallest.

Ver imagen AkshayG

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