Respuesta :
1. Nicolaus Copernicus:
- Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, suggesting that the Sun, rather than the Earth, is at the center of the solar system.
- His work challenged the prevailing geocentric model, which placed the Earth at the center, and laid the foundation for modern astronomy.
2. Johannes Kepler:
- Kepler formulated the three laws of planetary motion, known as Kepler's laws.
- Kepler's first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.
- The second law describes the equal area law, which states that a line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
- The third law establishes a mathematical relationship between the orbital period of a planet and its distance from the Sun.
3. Galileo Galilei:
- Galileo made significant contributions to observational astronomy through his use of telescopes.
- He observed the moons of Jupiter, sunspots, the phases of Venus, and the mountains and craters on the Moon, among other celestial phenomena.
- Galileo's observations provided empirical evidence supporting the heliocentric model and challenged the Aristotelian view of the universe.
4. Isaac Newton:
- Newton formulated the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, which laid the groundwork for classical mechanics.
- His laws of motion describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting upon it.
- The law of universal gravitation states that every mass attracts every other mass in the universe with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Answer:
Explanation:Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who put forth the theory that the Sun is at rest near the center of the Universe, and that the Earth, spinning on its axis once daily, revolves annually around the Sun. This is called the heliocentric, or Sun-centered, system.
Kepler's First Law stated that planets move in elliptical paths around the Sun. He also discovered that planets move proportionally faster in their orbits when they are closer to the Sun; this became Kepler's Second Law.
Galileo's discoveries about the Moon, Jupiter's moons, Venus, and sunspots supported the idea that the Sun - not the Earth - was the center of the Universe, as was commonly believed at the time. Galileo's work laid the foundation for today's modern space probes and telescopes.
Sir Isaac Newton developed the three basic laws of motion and the theory of universal gravity, which together laid the foundation for our current understanding of physics and the Universe.
