Answer:
In "Heart of a Samurai" by Margi Preus and "Black Ships Before" by Arthur Golden, both novels explore the concept of heroism within the context of cultural norms and values, albeit within different cultural milieus. While "Heart of a Samurai" is set in Japan during the mid-19th century and "Black Ships Before" is set in the late 19th century, each novel presents its own unique portrayal of heroism influenced by the cultural backdrop.
One key aspect where culture shapes the heroes in both novels is in their definition of honor and duty. In "Heart of a Samurai," Manjiro's heroism is deeply rooted in the samurai code of honor, Bushido, which emphasizes loyalty, courage, and self-sacrifice. Manjiro's actions, such as his willingness to risk his life to save others or to uphold his duty to his country, reflect this cultural ethos. On the other hand, in "Black Ships Before," the protagonist, Chiyo, is a geisha whose heroism is defined by her commitment to her duties as a geisha despite facing adversity. Her resilience and determination to navigate the complex social structures of her time exemplify the importance of fulfilling one's obligations within her cultural context.
Another aspect where culture shapes the heroes is in their social roles and expectations. In "Heart of a Samurai," Manjiro's journey from a humble fisherman to a samurai reflects the fluidity of social mobility within Japanese society during that period. Manjiro's heroism lies in his ability to transcend social barriers and embrace the values of his adopted culture while still retaining elements of his identity as a Japanese individual. Conversely, in "Black Ships Before," Chiyo's heroism is shaped by her struggle against the rigid gender and class constraints of her society. As a geisha, Chiyo challenges societal expectations by asserting her independence and agency, albeit within the confines of her role as a entertainer and companion.
Furthermore, both novels highlight the cultural clash between tradition and modernity and its impact on the heroes' sense of identity and belonging. In "Heart of a Samurai," Manjiro grapples with the tension between his traditional Japanese upbringing and the influences of Western culture during his time spent in America. His heroism is in part defined by his ability to reconcile these conflicting cultural forces and forge a path that integrates both aspects of his identity. Similarly, in "Black Ships Before," Chiyo's encounter with Western ideas and values through her interactions with foreign sailors challenges her traditional beliefs and forces her to reevaluate her place in society. Her heroism lies in her ability to adapt to these changes while still remaining true to her cultural heritage.
In conclusion, "Heart of a Samurai" and "Black Ships Before" offer compelling portrayals of heroism shaped by cultural norms and values. While the heroes in each novel face different challenges and inhabit distinct cultural contexts, both narratives illuminate the complex interplay between individual agency and cultural expectations in shaping heroic identities.
