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1. Nondisjunction is a process during cell division where chromosomes fail to separate properly.
2. When nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, it can lead to aneuploidies, which are conditions characterized by an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell.
3. For example, if during meiosis I, a pair of homologous chromosomes fails to separate, one daughter cell may end up with an extra chromosome, while the other daughter cell lacks that chromosome.
4. This results in aneuploidy, such as trisomy (having an extra chromosome) or monosomy (missing a chromosome), which can lead to disorders like Down syndrome (trisomy 21) or Turner syndrome (monosomy X).
5. In summary, nondisjunction can disrupt the normal chromosomal count, leading to aneuploidies that can cause genetic disorders due to the imbalance in chromosome numbers.
