For example, you can use the Incas who lived high in the Andes mountain.
2. An environmental difficulty could be the lack of water or rivers or the cold temperatures.
3. They were surrounded by the Amazon Jungle, deserts, and coast. The Incas adapted by building bridges. When they needed anything, they would use these bridges to travel back and forth. In the jungle, they found things like fruits, vegetables, and on the coasts they got seafood, like fish.
Hoped I helped :)