In his interaction with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Hamlet is ironical, but it's not personal. Whereas he doesn't agree with their worldview, he still isn't resentful towards them. He just makes fun of their narrowmindedness, implying that they are the ones who are trapped in a nutshell and can't transcend their limitations. He knows that Claudius had sent for them, but doesn't take them too seriously. He obviously thinks that their behavior is just another instance of human frailty.
On the other hand, he already openly resents Polonius, and is being sardonic in all of their interactions. He enjoys confusing him with complicated logical and language twists, mocking his stupidity, hypocrisy, and sycophancy. While not understanding most of Hamlet's poignant remarks, Polonius still realizes that "there is method" in his madness. "A happiness that often madness hits on, which reason and sanity could not so prosperously be delivered of," observes Polonius, dismissing all the allusions and invectives. Hamlet ridiculed Polonius for his overbearing fatherly protectivity towards Ophelia and the fact that old age hasn't brought him any wisdom.
